Family: Turdidae
Thrushes are plump, soft-plumaged, small to medium-sized birds, inhabiting
wooded areas, and often feed on the
ground or eat small fruit. The smallest thrush may be the Forest Rock-thrush,
at 21 g and 14.5 cm . However, the shortwings, which have ambiguous
alliances with both thrushes and Old World flycatchers, can be even
smaller.
The Lesser Shortwing averages 12 cm . The largest thrush is Blue Whistling-thrush,
at 178 g and 33 cm.
The Great Thrush is similar in length but less heavily built.
Most species are grey or brown in colour, often with speckled underparts.
They are insectivorous, but most species also eat worms, land snails,
and fruit. Many species are permanently
resident in warm climes, while others migrate
to higher latitudes during summer, often over considerable distances.
Thrushes build cup-shaped nests, sometimes lining them with mud. They
lay two to five speckled eggs, sometimes
laying two or more clutches per year. Both parents help in raising
the young.
The songs of some species, including members of the genera Catharus,
Myadestes, and Turdus, are considered to be among the
most beautiful in the avian world.
| Engelsk |
Norsk |
Latinsk |
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| White-necked Thrush |
Dryadetrost |
Turdus
albicollis |
| Rufous-flanked
Thrush |
|
Turdus
albicollis albicollis |
| Grey-flanked
Thrush |
|
Turdus
albicollis phaeopygos |
| White-collared Blackbird |
Hvitkragetrost |
Turdus
albocinctus |
| Creamy-bellied Thrush |
Tøyletrost |
Turdus
amaurochalinus |
| White-throated Thrush |
Mestistrost |
Turdus
assimilis |
| Dagua
Thrush |
|
Turdus
assimilis daguae |
| White-chinned Thrush |
Hvithaketrost |
Turdus
aurantius |
| Comoro Thrush |
Komortrost |
Turdus
bewsheri |
| Gray-winged Blackbird |
Gråvingetrost |
Turdus
boulboul |
| Japanese Thrush |
Hjertetrost |
Turdus
cardis |
| Izu Thrush |
Izutrost |
Turdus
celaenops |
| Chiguanco Thrush |
Chiguancotrost |
Turdus
chiguanco |
| Brown-headed Thrush |
Brunhodetrost |
Turdus
chrysolaus |
| Black-breasted Thrush |
Svartbrysttrost |
Turdus
dissimilis |
| Austral Thrush |
Umbratrost |
Turdus
falcklandii |
| Gray-sided Thrush |
Mingtrost |
Turdus
feae |
| Chestnut-bellied Thrush |
Oransjebuktrost |
Turdus
fulviventris |
| Cocoa Thrush |
Røyktrost |
Turdus
fumigatus |
| Great Thrush |
Stortrost |
Turdus
fuscater |
| Clay-coloured Robin |
Leirtrost |
Turdus
grayi |
| Unicoloured Thrush |
Terrakottatrost |
Turdus
haplochrous |
| Hauxwell's Thrush |
Amazontrost |
Turdus
hauxwelli |
| Gray-backed Thrush |
Gråryggtrost |
Turdus
hortulorum |
| Black-billed Thrush |
Svartnebbtrost |
Turdus
ignobilis |
| Redwing |
Rødvingetrost |
Turdus
iliacus |
| Black Robin |
Kulltrost |
Turdus
infuscatus |
| White-eyed Thrush |
Hvitøyetrost |
Turdus
jamaicensis |
| White-backed Thrush |
Rododendrontrost |
Turdus
kessleri |
| Lawrence's Thrush |
Sumptrost |
Turdus
lawrencii |
| Pale-breasted Thrush |
Blekbrysttrost |
Turdus
leucomelas |
| Kurrichane Thrush |
Rødflanketrost |
Turdus
libonyanus |
| Ecuadorian Thrush |
Ecuadortrost |
Turdus
maculirostris |
| Maranon Thrush |
Maranontrost |
Turdus
maranonicus |
| Yemen Thrush |
Asirtrost |
Turdus
menachensis |
| Eurasian
Blackbird / Common Blackbird |
Svarttrost |
Turdus
merula |
|
Indian Blackbird |
|
Turdus
merula simillimus |
| Tibetan
Blackbird |
|
Turdus
merula maximus |
| Chinese
Blackbird |
|
Turdus
merula mandarinus |
| American Robin |
Vandretrost |
Turdus
migratorius |
| Chinese Thrush |
Kinatrost |
Turdus
mupinensis |
| Dusky Thrush |
Bruntrost |
Turdus
naumanni |
| Dusky
Thrush |
Svartflekktrost |
Turdus
naumanni eunomus |
| Naumann's
Thrush |
Rødflekktrost |
Turdus
naumanni naumanni |
| Sooty Robin |
Sottrost |
Turdus
nigrescens |
| Andean
Slaty-Thrush |
Andesskifertrost |
Turdus
nigriceps |
| Bare-eyed Thrush |
Arawaktrost |
Turdus
nudigenis |
| Eyebrowed Thrush |
Gråstrupetrost |
Turdus
obscurus |
| Pale-vented Thrush |
Blekgumptrost |
Turdus
obsoletus |
| Olivaceous Thrush |
Oliventrost |
Turdus
olivaceofuscus |
| Olive Thrush |
Auroratrost |
Turdus
olivaceus |
|
Abyssinian Thrush, |
|
Turdus
olivaceus abyssinicus |
| Usambara
Thrush, |
|
Turdus
olivaceus/abyssinicus roehli |
| Karoo
Thrush, |
|
Turdus
olivaceus smithi |
| Black-hooded Thrush |
Svartkuttetrost |
Turdus
olivater |
|
Cauca Black-hooded |
extinct (late 20th century?) |
Turdus
olivater caucae |
| Pale Thrush |
Blektrost |
Turdus
pallidus |
| African Thrush |
Landsbytrost |
Turdus
pelios |
| Song
Thrush |
Måltrost |
Turdus
philomelos |
| Fieldfare |
Gråtrost |
Turdus
pilaris |
| Mountain Robin |
Plebeiertrost |
Turdus
plebejus |
| Red-legged Thrush |
Rødleggtrost |
Turdus
plumbeus |
| Island Thrush |
Øytrost |
Turdus
poliocephalus |
| Christmas
Island Thrush |
|
Turdus
poliocephalus erythropleurus |
| Norfolk
Island Thrush |
-
extinct (c.1975) |
Turdus
poliocephalus poliocephalus |
| Maré
Island Thrush |
-
extinct (early 20th century) |
Turdus
poliocephalus mareensis |
| Lord
Howe Island Thrush |
- extinct (1920s) |
Turdus
poliocephalus vinitinctus |
| Lifou
Island Thrush |
-
extinct (early 20th century?) |
Turdus
poliocephalus pritzbueri |
| Grand Cayman Thrush |
Caymantrost |
Turdus
ravidus † |
| Plumbeous-backed Thrush |
Blytrost |
Turdus
reevei |
| Chestnut Thrush |
Kastanjetrost |
Turdus
rubrocanus |
| Dark-throated Thrush |
Taigatrost |
Turdus
ruficollis |
|
Svartstrupetrost |
Turdus
ruficollis atrogularis |
|
Rødstrupetrost |
Turdus
ruficollis ruficollis |
| Rufous-collared Robin |
Rødkragetrost |
Turdus
rufitorques |
| Rufous-bellied
Thrush |
Rustbuktrost |
Turdus
rufiventris |
| Rufous-backed Robin |
Rusttrost |
Turdus
rufopalliatus |
| Glossy-black Thrush |
Bektrost |
Turdus
serranus |
| Eastern Slaty-Thrush |
Brasilskifertrost |
Turdus
subalaris |
| La Selle Thrush |
Hispaniolatrost |
Turdus
swalesi |
| African Bare-eyed Thrush |
Brilletrost |
Turdus
tephronotus |
| Ring
Ouzel |
Ringtrost |
Turdus
torquatus |
| Tickells Thrush |
Himalayatrost |
Turdus
unicolor |
| Mistle
Thrush |
Duetrost |
Turdus
viscivorus |
Genus Turdus: true thrushes (some 65 species, 1 recently
extinct)
Common Blackbird, Turdus merula
Indian Blackbird, Turdus
merula simillimus
Tibetan Blackbird, Turdus merula maximus
Chinese Blackbird, Turdus merula mandarinus
Yemen Thrush, Turdus menachensis
Olive Thrush, Turdus olivaceus
Abyssinian Thrush,
Turdus olivaceus abyssinicus
Usambara Thrush, Turdus olivaceus/abyssinicus
roehli
Karoo Thrush, Turdus olivaceus smithi
Taita Thrush, Turdus helleri - formerly in Turdus olivaceus
Somali Thrush or Somali Blackbird, Turdus ludoviciae - formerly
in Turdus olivaceus
Olivaceous Thrush, Turdus olivaceofuscus
Comoro Thrush, Turdus bewsheri
Kurrichane Thrush, Turdus libonyanus
African Thrush, Turdus pelios
African Bare-eyed Thrush, Turdus tephronotus
Grey-backed Thrush, Turdus hortulorum
Tickell's Thrush, Turdus unicolor
Black-breasted Thrush, Turdus dissimilis
Japanese Thrush, Turdus cardis
White-collared Blackbird, Turdus albocinctus
Ring Ouzel, Turdus torquatus
Grey-winged Blackbird, Turdus boulboul
Island Thrush, Turdus poliocephalus
Christmas Island Thrush,
Turdus poliocephalus erythropleurus - common Christmas Island
endemic subspecies
Norfolk Island Thrush, Turdus poliocephalus
poliocephalus - extinct (c.1975)
Maré Island Thrush, Turdus poliocephalus
mareensis - extinct (early 20th century)
Lord Howe Island Thrush, Turdus poliocephalus
vinitinctus - extinct (1920s)
Lifou Island Thrush, Turdus poliocephalus
pritzbueri - possibly extinct (early 20th century?)
Chestnut Thrush, Turdus rubrocanus
White-backed Thrush, Turdus kessleri
Grey-sided Thrush, Turdus feae
Eyebrowed Thrush, Turdus obscurus
Pale Thrush, Turdus pallidus
Brown-headed Thrush, Turdus chrysolaus
Izu Thrush, Turdus celaenops
Dark-throated Thrush, Turdus ruficollis,
Black-throated Thrush, Turdus (atrogularis)
atrogularis
Red-throated Thrush, Turdus (atrogularis)
ruficollis
Dusky Thrush, Turdus naumanni
Naumann's Thrush, Turdus
(naumanni) naumanni
Dusky
Thrush, Turdus (naumanni) eunomus, No: Bruntrost
Fieldfare, Turdus pilaris
Redwing (Turdus
iliacus) in Iceland Redwing, Turdus iliacus, No: Rødvingetros
Song Thrush, Turdus philomelos
Chinese Thrush, Turdus mupinensis
Mistle Thrush, Turdus viscivorus
Red-legged Thrush, Turdus plumbeus
Grand Cayman Thrush, Turdus ravidus - extinct (1940s)
Chiguanco Thrush, Turdus chiguanco
Sooty Thrush, Turdus nigrescens
Great Thrush, Turdus fuscater
Black Thrush, Turdus infuscatus
Glossy-black Thrush, Turdus serranus
Andean Slaty Thrush, Turdus nigriceps
Eastern Slaty Thrush, Turdus subalaris
Black-hooded Thrush, Turdus olivater
Cauca Black-hooded
Thrush, Turdus olivater caucae - possibly extinct (late 20th
century?)
Plumbeous-backed Thrush, Turdus reevei
Marañón Thrush, Turdus maranonicus
Chestnut-bellied Thrush, Turdus fulviventris
Rufous-bellied Thrush, Turdus rufiventris
Austral Thrush, Turdus falcklandii
Pale-breasted Thrush, Turdus leucomelas
Creamy-bellied Thrush, Turdus amaurochalinus
Mountain Thrush, Turdus plebejus
Black-billed Thrush, Turdus ignobilis
Lawrence's Thrush, Turdus lawrencii
Cocoa Thrush, Turdus fumigatus
Pale-vented Thrush, Turdus obsoletus
Hauxwell's Thrush, Turdus hauxwelli
Clay-colored Thrush, Turdus grayi
Bare-eyed Thrush, Turdus nudigenis
Ecuadorian Thrush, Turdus maculirostris
Unicolored Thrush, Turdus haplochrous
Várzea Thrush, Turdus sanchezorum
White-eyed Thrush, Turdus jamaicensis
White-throated Thrush, Turdus assimilis
Dagua Thrush, Turdus assimilis daguae
White-necked Thrush, Turdus albicollis
Rufous-flanked Thrush Turdus (albicollis) albicollis
Grey-flanked Thrush Turdus (albicollis) phaeopygos
Rufous-backed Robin, Turdus rufopalliatus
Rufous-collared Robin, Turdus rufitorques
American Robin, Turdus migratorius
La Selle Thrush, Turdus swalesi
White-chinned Thrush, Turdus aurantius
Genus Platycichla: (2 species) - part of a South American
group within Turdus
Genus Nesocichla: Tristan Thrush or Starchy - part of
a South American group within Turdus
Genus Cichlherminia: Forest Thrush - genus paraphyletic
with Turdus
Genus Psophocichla: Groundscraper Thrush
Genus Zoothera: Asian thrushes (some 22 species, 1 recently
extinct)
Genus Catharus: typical American thrushes and nightingale-thrushes
(12 species)
Genus Hylocichla: Wood Thrush
Genus Ridgwayia: Aztec Thrush - related to Hylocichla
Genus Ixoreus: Varied Thrush - related to other New World
genera
Genus Geomalia: Geomalia
Genus Cataponera: Sulawesi Thrush
Genus Sialia: bluebirds (3 species)
Genus Grandala: related to Sialia
Genus Cichlopsis: Rufous-brown Solitaire - related to
Catharus
Genus Entomodestes: solitaires (2 species) - related
to Catharus
Genus Myadestes: solitaires (10-11 living species, 2-3
recently extinct) (includes formerly genus Phaeornis)
Genus Neocossyphus: flycatcher thrushes and "ant-thrushes"
(4 species) - related to Myadestes
Genus Cochoa: cochoas (4 species)
Genus Chlamydochaera: Fruit-hunter - related to Cochoa
Genus Heteroxenicus: Gould's Shortwing
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List of norwegian names: Source:
Norsk Ornitologisk Forening
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