Working on those pages, and believe me
- it's going to take time.
Superorder: Anseriformes
Worldwide; 150 species.
clade: Anseres
Superfamily: Anatoidea
Families:
Anseranatidae:
Magpie-goose
Anhimidae:
screamers
Anatidae - ducks,
geese and swans
Podicipedidae -
grebes
Family Anatidae
Anatidae is the biological family of birds that includes
ducks, geese and swans. The family has a cosmopolitan distribution,
occurring
on all the world's continents except Antarctica and on most
of the world's islands and island groups. These are birds that
can swim,
float on the water surface, and in some cases dive in at least
shallow water.The family contains around 146 species in 40 genera.
They are generally herbivorous, and are monogamous breeders.
A number of species undertake annual migrations.
A few species have been domesticated for agriculture, and many
others are hunted for food and recreation.
Five species have become extinct since 1600, and many more are
threatened with extinction.
(The Magpie Goose is no longer[when?] considered to be part
of the Anatidae, but is placed in its own family Anseranatidae.)
|
Family Anatidae
Subfamily: Dendrocygninae
(One pantropical genus, of distinctive long-legged goose-like
birds)
Genus: Dendrocygna, whistling
ducks (9 living species)
Subfamily: Thalassorninae
(One genus in Africa, most closely related to the subfamily
Dendrocygninae,
though
also showing convergent similarities to the subfamily Oxyurinae)
Genus: Thalassornis, White-backed Duck
Subfamily: Anserinae,
swans and geese
Genus: Anser,
grey geese (7 species)
Genus: Chen,
white geese (3 species, sometimes included in Anser)
Genus: Branta,
black geese (8 living species)
Subfamily: Stictonettinae
(One genus in Australia, formerly included in the Oxyurinae,
but with anatomy suggesting
a distinct ancient lineage perhaps closest to the Anserinae,
especially Cape Barren Goose) Genus:
Stictonetta, Freckled Duck
Subfamily: Plectropterinae
(1 genus in Africa, formerly incl. in "perching ducks",
but closer to Tadorninae)
Genus: Plectropterus, Spur-winged Goose
Subfamily: Tadorninae
– shelducks and sheldgeese 2)
Genus: Tadorna - shelducks (7 species,
one probably extinct) – possibly paraphyletic
Genus: Chloephaga - sheldgeese
Genus: Salvadorina, Salvadori's Teal
Genus: Centrornis, Madagascar Sheldgoose (prehistoric,
tentatively placed here)
Genus: Alopochen, Egyptian Goose and Mascarene Shelducks
(1 living species, 2 extinct)
Genus:Neochen, Orinoco Goose
Genus: Chloephaga,
sheldgeese (5 species)
Genus: Hymenolaimus, Blue Duck
Genus: Merganetta, Torrent Duck
Subfamily: Anatinae,
dabbling ducks and moa-nalos 3)
Genus: Anas: wigeons,
gadwalls, teals, pintails,
mallards, shovelers,
etc. (40–50 living species) – paraphyletic
Genus:Lophonetta, Crested Duck
Genus:Speculanas, Bronze-winged Duck
Genus:Amazonetta, Brazilian Teal
Subfamily: Aythyinae,
diving ducks (Some 15 species of diving ducks, of worldwide
distribution) 4)
Genus: Netta,
Red-crested Pochard and allies (4 species, one probably extinct)
Genus: Aythya, pochards, scaups,
etc. (12 species)
Subfamily: Merginae,
eiders, scoters, sawbills and other sea-ducks
(There are 9 extant genera and some 20 living species; most
of this group occur in the Northern Hemisphere,
but
a few mergansers in the Southern Hemisphere)
Genus:Polysticta, Steller's
Eider
Genus:Somateria, eiders (3
species)
Genus:Histrionicus, Harlequin Duck
(includes Ocyplonessa)
Genus:Melanitta, scoters (3 species)
Genus:Clangula, Long-tailed Duck
(1 species)
Genus:Bucephala, goldeneyes (3
species)
Genus:Mergellus, Smew
Genus:Lophodytes, Hooded Merganser
Genus:Mergus,
mergansers (5 living species, one extinct).
Subfamily: Oxyurinae,
stiff-tail ducks (Small group of 4 genera, (3 monotypic),
with 7–8 living species)
Genus: Oxyura, stiff-tailed ducks
(5 living species)
Genus: Nomonyx, Masked Duck
Genus: Musk Ducks (1 living
species, provisionally placed here)
Genus: Heteronetta, Black-headed
Duck
Unresolved The largest degree
of uncertainty concerns whether a number of genera are closer
to the
shelducks
or to the dabbling ducks. See also the monotypic subfamilies
above, and the "perching ducks"
Genus: Coscoroba, Coscoroba Swan – Anserinae or
same subfamily as Cereopsis?
Genus:Cereopsis, Cape Barren Goose – Anserinae,
Tadorninae, or own subfamily?
Genus:Cnemiornis, New Zealand geese (prehistoric) –
as Cereopsis
Genus:Malacorhynchus, Pink-eared ducks (1 living species)
– Tadorninae, Oxyurinae or Dendrocheninae?
Genus:Sarkidiornis, Comb Duck
– Tadorninae or closer to dabbling ducks?
Genus:Tachyeres,
steamer ducks (4 species) – Tadorninae or closer to dabbling
ducks?
Genus:Cyanochen, Blue-winged Goose – Tadorninae
or more distant clade?
Genus:Nettapus, pygmy geese
(3 species) – Anatinae or part of Southern Hemisphere
radiation?
Genus:Pteronetta, Hartlaub's
Duck – traditionally dabbling ducks, but may be closer
to Cyanochen
Genus:Cairina, Muscovy Duck
and White-winged Duck (2 species) – traditionally dabbling
ducks, but may be paraphyletic,
with one species in Tadorninae and the other closer to diving
ducks
Genus:Aix, Mandarin Duck and
Wood Duck (2 species) – dabbling ducks or Tadorninae?
Genus:Callonetta, Ringed Teal – dabbling ducks
or Tadorninae?
Genus:Chenonetta, Maned Duck (1 living species) –
dabbling ducks or Tadorninae? Includes Euryanas.
Genus:Marmaronetta, Marbled Duck – Formerly dabbling
ducks; actually a diving duck or a distinct subfamily
Family Anhimidae
Genus: Anhima cornuta, Horned Screamer,
Genus: Chauna torquata, Southern Screamer or Crested
Screamer,
Genus: Chauna chavaria, Northern Screamer or Black-necked
Screamer,
Family Podicipedidae
Genus: Aechmophorus
Genus: Podiceps
Genus: Podilymbus
Genus: Poliocephalus
Genus: Rollandia
Genus: Tachybaptus
- Three to seven extant genera with 25–30 living species,
mainly cool temperate Northern Hemisphere but
also some Southern Hemisphere species, with the swans in
one genus [two genera in some treatments],
and the geese in three genera [two genera in some treatments].
Some other species are sometimes placed
herein, but seem somewhat more distinct [see below]) Cygnus,
true swans (7 species, 4 sometimes
separated in Olor)
- This group of larger, often semi-terrestrial waterfowl
can be seen as intermediate between Anserinae and
Anatinae. The 1986 revision has resulted in the inclusion
of 10 extant genera with about two dozen living
species [one probably extinct] in this subfamily, mostly
from the Southern Hemisphere but a few in the
Northern Hemisphere, but the affiliations of several presumed
tadornine genera has later been questioned
and the group in the traditional lineup is likely to be
paraphyletic
- The dabbling duck group, of worldwide distribution, were
previously restricted to just one or two genera,
but had been extended to include 8 extant genera and about
55 living species, including several genera
formerly known as the "perching ducks"; mtDNA
on the other hand confirms that the genus Anas is over-
lumped and casts doubt on the diving duck affiliations of
several genera [see below]. The moa-nalos, of
which 4 species in 3 genera are known to date, are a peculiar
group of flightless, extinct Anatidae from the
Hawaiian Islands. Gigantic in size and with massive bills,
they were believed to be geese, but have been
shown to be actually very closely related to mallard. They
evolved filling the ecological niche of turtles,
ungulates and other megaherbivores.)
- The 1986 morphological analysis suggested that the probably
extinct Pink-headed Duck of India, previously
treated separately in Rhodonessa, should be placed in Netta,
but this has been questioned. Furthermore,
while morphologically close to dabbling ducks, the mtDNA
data indicates that a treatment as distinct
subfamily is indeed correct, with the Tadorninae
being actually closer to dabbling ducks than the diving
ducks are
|
Family
Podicipedidae - Grebes
A grebe is a member of the Podicipediformes
order, a widely distributed order of freshwater diving birds, some
of which visit the
sea when migrating
and in winter. This order contains only a single family, the Podicipedidae,
containing 22 species in 6 extant genera.
Grebes are small to medium-large in size, have lobed toes, and
are excellent swimmers and divers. However, although they can
run for a short distance, they are prone to falling over, since they
have their feet placed far back on the body.
Grebes have narrow wings, and some species are reluctant to fly; indeed,
two South American species are completely flightless.
They respond to danger by diving rather than flying, and are in any
case much less wary than ducks. Extant species range in size
from the Least Grebe, at 120 grams and 23.5 cm, to the Great Grebe,
at 1.7 kg and 71 cm .
However, the North American and Eurasian species are all, of necessity,
migratory
over much or all of their ranges,
and those species that winter at sea are also seen regularly in flight.
Even the small freshwater Pied-billed Grebe of North America
has occurred as a transatlantic vagrant to Europe on more than 30
occasions. [4]
The following grebes are shown on three
different pages.
Genus
Tachybaptus
Great
Crested Grebe, Podiceps
cristatus, , No: Toppdykker
(main page for Tachybaptus)
Little Grebe or Dabchick,
Tachybaptus ruficollis, No: Dvergdykker,
Australasian Grebe,
Tachybaptus novaehollandiae, No: Australdvergdykker
Madagascar Grebe, Tachybaptus
pelzelnii, No: Madagaskardykker
Alaotra Grebe,
Tachybaptus rufolavatus, No: Alaotradykker — extinct
(2010)
Least Grebe,
Tachybaptus dominicus, No: Pygmédykker
|
Titicaca
Flightless Grebe,
Rollandia microptera,
No: Titicacadykker, (main page)
Genus Podilymbus
Pied-billed Grebe,
Podilymbus podiceps, No: Ringnebbdykker
Atitlán
Grebe, Podilymbus gigas,No: Atitlandykker,—
extinct (1989)
Genus Rollandia
White-tufted Grebe,
Rollandia rolland, No: Hvitøredykker
Titicaca Flightless
Grebe, Rollandia microptera, No:
Titicacadykker*
Genus Aechmophorus
Western Grebe,
Aechmophorus occidentalis, No: Svanedykker
Clark's Grebe,
Aechmophorus clarkii, No: Gulnebbdykker
Genus Poliocephalus
Hoary-headed Grebe,
Poliocephalus poliocephalus, No: Sølvhodedykker
New Zealand Dabchick/Grebe,
Poliocephalus rufopectus, No: Maoridykker
|
Genus
Podiceps
Slavonian Grebe or Horned
Grebe, Podiceps auritus, No: Horndykker
(main page)
Great Crested Grebe, Podiceps
cristatus, No: Toppdykker,
Red-necked Grebe,,
Podiceps grisegena, No: Gråstrupedykker
Black-necked Grebe or Eared Grebe,
Podiceps nigricollis, No: Svarthalsdykker,
Colombian Grebe,
Podiceps andinus, No: Colombiadykker, — extinct
(1977)
Great Grebe, Podiceps
major, Spydnebbdykker
Silvery Grebe, Podiceps
occipitalis, No: Sølvdykker,
Junin Flightless Grebe,,
Podiceps taczanowskii, No: Junindykker
Hooded Grebe, Podiceps
gallardoi, No: Tiaradykker
|
Subfamily: Aythyinae
- Diving Ducks
diving
ducks (Some 15 species of diving ducks, of worldwide distribution)
4)
Genus: Netta, Red-crested Pochard and
allies (4 species, one probably extinct)
Genus: Aythya, pochards, scaups, etc.
(12 species)
The diving ducks, commonly called pochards or
scaups, are a category of duck which feed by diving beneath
the surface of the water. They are part of the diverse and very
large Anatidae family that includes ducks, geese, and
swans.
The diving ducks are placed in a distinct subfamily, Aythyinae.
The diving ducks are placed as a tribe Aythyini in a
subfamily
Anatidae which would encompass all duck-like birds except
the whistling-ducks. The seaducks commonly found in coastal
areas, such as the Long-tailed Duck (formerly known in the US
as Oldsquaw), scoters, goldeneyes, mergansers, bufflehead
and eiders, are also sometimes colloquially referred to in North
America as diving ducks because they also feed by diving;
their subfamily, Merginae is a very distinct one however.
Although the group is cosmopolitan, most members are native
to the northern hemisphere, and it includes several of the most
familiar northern hemisphere ducks.
This group of ducks is so named because its members feed mainly
by diving, although in fact the Netta species are reluctant
to dive, and feed more like dabbling ducks.
These are gregarious ducks, mainly found on fresh water or on
estuaries, though the Greater Scaup becomes marine during the
northern winter. They are strong fliers; their broad, blunt-tipped
wings require faster wing-beats than those of many ducks and
they take off with some difficulty. Northern species tend to
be migratory;
southern species do not migrate though the Hardhead
travels long distances on an irregular basis in response to
rainfall. Diving ducks do not walk as well on land as the dabbling
ducks;
their legs tend to be placed further back on their bodies to
help propel them when underwater. |
Genus Aythya
A
diving duck which eats seeds, roots, aquatic plants and grasses as
well as invertebrates and small fish.
Pochards may also be seen filtering mud on the shoreline.
It is found North of the equator from Iceland and western Europe
to central Asia and sw Siberia and western Yakutia.
South of this the range covers Spain and then east through France,
Tunisia the Balkans to Kazakhstan and ne China.
Winters farther south in the tropics.
Genus
Aythya - pochards, scaups
Aythya ferina,
Common
Pochard Taffeland
Aythya valisineria, Canvasback Kanvasand
Aythya americana, Redhead Kobberhodeand
Aythya collaris, Ring-necked Duck Ringand
Aythya nyroca, Hvitøyeand Ferruginous Pochard
Aythya innotata, Madagascar Pochard Alaotraand(thought
extinct, found again 2006)
Aythya baeri, Baer's Pochard Amurand
Aythya australis, White-eyed Duck Australdykkand
Aythya fuligula, Tufted
Duck Toppand
Aythya novaeseelandiae, New Zealand Scaup Maoridykkand
Aythya marila, Greater
Scaup Bergand
Aythya affinis, Lesser Scaup Purpurhodeand |
Genus Netta
Pink-headed
Duck, Netta caryophyllacea,
Rosenhodeand, -
probably extinct (1945?)
Synonyms; Anas caryophyllacea, Fuligula
caryophyllacea,
Rhodonessa
caryophyllacea, Callichen caryophyllaceum
Red-crested
Pochard, Netta rufina,
No: Rødhodeand
Rosy-billed
Pochard, Netta peposaca,
No: Peposacaand
Southern
Pochard , Netta erythrophthalma,
No: Fløyelsand |
Genus Marmaronetta
Marbled Duck Marmaronetta angustirostris
Subfamily:
Merginae
- Sea Ducks
The
seaducks, Merginae, form a subfamily of the duck, goose
and swan family of birds, Anatidae. There
are twenty
species in ten extant genera.
All
but two of the 20 species in this group occupy habitats in far
northern latitudes.
As the name implies, most but not all, are essentially marine
outside the breeding season. Many species have
developed specialized salt glands to allow them to tolerate
salt water, but these have not yet developed in young birds.
Some of the mergansers prefer riverine habitats.
The fish-eating members of this group, such as the mergansers
and Smew, have serrated edges to their bills to help
them grip their prey. These are therefore often known as "sawbills".
Other seaducks take molluscs or crustaceans
from the sea floor. |
Genus Chendytes, the diving-geese.
Genus Polysticta
Genus Somateria, the eiders.
Genus Histrionicus Harlequin
Duck, Histrionicus histrionicus
Genus Camptorhynchus, Labrador Duck Camptorhynchus
labradorius
Genus Melanitta, the scoters.
Black
Scoter, Melanitta
nigra, No: Svartand
Surf
Scoter, Melanitta
perspicillata, No: Brilleand
White-winged
Scoter, Melanitta
fusca, No: Sjøorrer
Genus Bucephala, the goldeneyes.
Common Goldeneye Bucephala clangula
Barrow's Goldeneye Bucephala islandica
Bufflehead, Bucephala albeola
Genus Clangula, Long-tailed
Duck or Oldsquaw, Clangula hyemalis
Genus Mergellus, Smew Mergellus
albellus
Genus Lophodytes, Hooded Merganser,
Lophodytes cucullatus
Genus Mergus, the typical mergansers.
|
Genus
Somateria & Polysticta
Somateria
mollissima Ærfugl Common
Eider
Somateria spectabilis Praktærfugl King Eider
Somateria fischeri Brilleærfugl Spectacled Eider
Polysticta
stelleri Stellerand Steller's Eider |
Genus Mergus, Mergellus
and Lophodytes
Mergus is the genus of the typical mergansers, fish-eating
ducks in the seaduck subfamily, Merginae. The Hooded
Merganser,
often termed Mergus cucullatus, is not of this genus
but closely related. The other "aberrant" merganser,
the Smew, Mergellus albellus, is phylogenetically closer to
goldeneyes, Bucephala.
Although they are seaducks, most of the mergansers prefer riverine
habitats, with only the Red-breasted Merganser being
common at sea. These large fish-eaters typically have black-and-white,
brown and/or green hues in their plumage, and most have
shomewhat shaggy crests. All have serrated edges to their long
and thin bills that help them grip their prey. Along with the
Smew
and Hooded Merganser, they are therefore often known as "sawbills".
The goldeneyes, on the other hand, feed mainly on
mollusks, and therefore have a more typical duck-bill. They
are also classified as "divers" because they go completely
under-water
in looking for food. In other traits, however, the genera Mergus,
Lophodytes, Mergellus, and Bucephala are very similar;
uniquely among all Anseriformes, they do not have notches
at the hind margin of their sternum, but holes surrounded by
bone.
|
Genus
Mergus
Mergus octosetaceus, Brazilian
Merganser, No: Brasilfiskand
Mergus serrator, Red-breasted
Merganser,
No:
Siland
Mergus merganser, Common Merganser,
No:
Laksand
Mergus
squamatus, Scaly-sided
Merganser,
No:
Skjellfiskand
Mergus australis Auckland
Islands Merganser,
No:
Aucklandfiskand
†
Genus Mergellus
Mergellus
albellus, Smew,
No:
Lappfiskand
Genus Lophodytes
Lophodytes
cucullatus,
Hooded Merganser,
No:
Hjelmfiskand
(main
page) |
Subfamily:
Oxyurinae - Stiff-tailed
ducks
stiff-tail ducks (Small group of 4 genera,
(3 monotypic), with 7–8 living species)
Oxyurinae
is a subfamily of the duck, goose and swan family of birds,
Anatidae. It has been subject of considerable debate
about
its validity and circumscription. Most of its members have long
stiff tail feathers which are erected when the bird is at rest,
and
relatively large swollen bills. Though their relationships are
still enigmatic, they appear to be closer to swans and true
geese rather
than to the typical ducks. The highest diversity is found in
the warmer parts of the Americas, but at least one species occurs
in a
major part of the world.
Their habitus resembles a freshwater diving duck, particularly
when moving on dry land. Their legs are set far back, making
them
awkward walkers, so they rarely leave the water. When at rest,
the tails are a notable difference as per above, and in the
water
they often swim very deep-set. Their unusual courtship displays
involve drumming noises from inflatable throat-sacs, head throwing,
and erecting short crests. Most display singly with a very elaborate
and peculiar display, but Musk Ducks congregate at leks and
have a more limited display. |
Genus
Oxyura - Stiff-tailed Ducks
The
stiff-tailed ducks constitute a unique section of the Anatidae
that is possibly the most isolated of all the tribes with the
exception of the Anseranatini. There are eight species
which almost certainly belong in the group, plus one more that
is only
very tentatively included. The tribe is of worldwide occurrence.
Seven of the species have long, narrow, and stiffened tail
feathers that function as rudders in underwater swimming, at
which all species are very adept.
These species also have a dense and shiny body plumage much
like that of grebes, but lack metallic coloration altogether.
The typical species have short, thick necks with loose-fitting
skin that can be expanded through the inflation of the esophagus
or special air sacs. All species have large feet and their legs
are placed well toward the rear, which results in a poor walking
ability. |
Oxyura
jamaicensis Stivhaleand Ruddy Duck
Oxyura ferruginea Andesand Andean Duck
Oxyura leucocephala Hvithodeand White-headed Duck
Oxyura maccoa Kafferand Maccoa Duck
Oxyura vittata Trommeand Lake Duck / Argentine Ruddy Duck
Oxyura australis Blånebband Blue-billed Duck
Oxyura dominica, Masked Duck |
Read
more about Oxyura-genus here: http://digitalcommons.unl.edu
Heteronetta atricapilla Gjøkand Black-headed
Duck DK:Snylteand
Nomonyx dominica Maskeand Masked Duck DK:Bisamand
Biziura lobata Pungand Musk Duck
Thalassornis leuconotus Hvitryggand White-backed Duck
? |
Subfamily Anatinae - dabbling
ducks
The Anatinae is a subfamily of the family
Anatidae (swans, geese and ducks). Its surviving members
are the dabbling ducks,
which feed mainly at the surface rather than by diving. The
other members of the Anatinae are the extinct moa-nalo,
a young but
highly apomorphic lineage derived from the dabbling ducks.
There has been much debate about the dabbling ducks' systematical
status and what ducks belong to the Anatinae. As understood
here, the subfamily contains only the dabbling ducks and their
close relatives, the extinct moa-nalos. Alternatively, the Anatinae
are
considered to include most "ducks" and the dabbling
ducks form a tribe Anatini within these. The classification
as presented here
more appropriately reflects the remaining uncertainty about
the interrelationships of the major lineages of Anatidae
(waterfowl).
Do you still follow??? |
The following genera are (with one exception)
unequivocal dabbling ducks:
Genus Amazonetta – status not fully resolved, most
likely a dabbling duck
Genus Anas – probably paraphyletic:
Blue-winged ducks/shovelers
and allies (polyphyletic?
Shovelers
Wigeons
Pintails
Mallard group
Genus Lophonetta – formerly Anas
Genus Speculanas – formerly Anas
Genus Nettapus - Pygmy geese
Subgenus Nettion – teals (paraphyletic) |
Genus Nettapus
- Pygmy geese
The pygmy geese are a group of very small "perching
ducks" in the genus Nettapus which breed in the
Old World tropics.
They are the smallest of all wildfowl. As the "perching
ducks" are a paraphyletic group, they need to be placed
elsewhere.
The initially assumed relationship with the dabbling duck subfamily
Anatinae has been questioned.
Green
Pygmy-goose, Nettapus
pulchellus, No: Grønndvergand
northern Australia and southern
New Guinea.
Cotton
Pygmy-goose ,Nettapus
coromandelianus, No: Beltedvergand
Southeast Asia.
African
Pygmy-goose,
Nettapus auritus, No: Praktdvergand sub-Saharan Africa. |
Their habitat is still freshwater lakes, where these neat ducks
feed on seeds and other vegetation, especially water lilies.
Pygmy geese have short bills, rounded heads and short legs.
They nest in tree holes. |
Subgenus: Anas - dabbling
ducks - mallards
Anas is a genus of dabbling ducks. It includes
mallards, wigeons, teals, pintails and shovelers in a number
of subgenera.
Some authorities prefer to elevate the subgenera to genus rank. |
Subgenus
Anas – mallard and relatives
Mallards....
Mallard,
Anas platyrhynchos, No:
Stokkand
(also common name for Mallards)
Domestic
duck, Anas domesticus sometimes Anas platyrhynchos domesticus
Gadwall,
Anas strepera, No: Snadderand (eu-as-am)
Subgenus
Chaulelasmus
Coues'
Gadwall or Washington Island Gadwall, Anas strepera couesi
– extinct (late 19th cent.)
Spot-billed
Duck, Anas poecilorhyncha,
No: Flekknebband (Indian) (as)
Philippine
Duck, Anas luzonica,
No: Filippinerand (as)
Falcated
Duck, Anas falcata,
No: Sibirand (as)
Subgenus
Eunetta
Garganey,
Anas querquedula, No: Knekkand (eu-as)
Probable
genus Querquedula (may include Punanetta)
Baikal
Teal, Bimaculate Duck, or Squawk Duck,
Anas formosa, No: Gulkinnand, (as)
Probable
genus Sibirionetta, (formerly in Nettion)
Yellow-billed
Duck, Anas
undulata, No: Gulnebband (af)
Meller's
Duck, Anas melleri,
No: Madagaskarand (af )
Red-billed
Duck, Anas erythrorhyncha,
No: Rødnebband (af) Subgenus Dafila – pintails
African
Black Duck, Anas
sparsa, No: Elveand (af) Subgenus
Melananas
American clade
Mottled
Duck, Anas fulvigula,
No: Golfand (na)
Florida
Duck, Anas fulvigula fulvigula – sometimes included
in Anas platyrhynchos
American
Black Duck, Anas
rubripes, No: Rødfotand (am)
Spectacled
Duck, Anas specularis,
No: Bronsevingeand (sa) now Spleculanas specularis
Crested
Duck, Anas
specularioides, No: Duskand (sa) now Lophonetta specularioides
see below
Pacific clade – the moa-nalos might
be derived from this group.
Mariana Mallard, Anas platyrhynchos oustaleti
– considered a subspecies of Anas superciliosa; extinct
(1981)
Philippine Duck, Anas luzonica
Laysan
Duck, Anas laysanensis,
No: Laysanand (oc)
sometimes included in Anas platyrhynchos
Hawaiian
Duck, Anas wyvilliana,
No: Hawaiiand (oc)
–
sometimes included in Anas platyrhynchos
Pacific
Black Duck, Anas
superciliosa, No: Stripeand (oc)
Pintails... Subgenus Dafila – pintails
Northern
Pintail, Anas
acuta, No:
Stjertand
also picture
here
Eaton's
Pintail, Anas
eatoni, No: Kerguelenand
Kerguelen
Islands Pintail, Anas
eatoni eatoni,
Crozet
Islands Pintail, Anas eatoni drygalskii
Yellow-billed
Pintail,Anas
georgica, No: Spisshaleand
Chilean
Pintail, Anas
georgica spinicauda,
Niceforo's
Pintail, Anas
georgica niceforoi, –
extinct (1950s)
White-cheeked
Pintail, Anas
bahamensis, No: Hvitkinnand
Red-billed
Teal, Anas
erythrorhyncha, (formerly in Poecilonetta)
Cape
Teal, Anas
capensis, (formerly in Nettion)
Wigeons...
Possible
genus Mareca – wigeons (may include Chaulelasmus and Eunetta)
Eurasian
Wigeon, Anas
penelope, No: Brunnakke (eu-as)
American
Wigeon,
Anas americana, No: Amerikablesand
(am)
Chiloe
Wigeon,
Anas sibilatrix, No: Sørblesand
(sa)
Amsterdam
Island Wigeon,
Anas marecula, No: Amsterdamblesand
(af
†)
Shovelers....
Probable
genus Spatula – blue-winged ducks/shovelers and
allies (polyphyletic?
Blue-winged
Teal,
Anas discors,
Probable
genus Spatula
Cinnamon
Teal,
Anas
cyanoptera,
Probable
genus Spatula
Northern
Shoveler,
Anas
clypeata, No:
Skjeand, Probable
genus Spatula
Cinnamon
Teal, Anas
cyanoptera,
Borrero's
Cinnamon Teal,
Anas cyanoptera borreroi,
– possibly extinct (late 20th century?)
Probable
genus Spatula
Red
Shoveler, Anas
platalea, No:
Prikkskjeand, Probable
genus Spatula
Cape
Shoveler, Anas
smithii, No: Kappskjeand,
Probable
genus Spatula
Australian
Shoveler, Australasian Shoveler,
Anas
rhynchotis, No: Sigdskjeand
Probable
genus Spatula
Formerly
placed in Anas:
Spectacled
Duck, Bronze-winged Duck, Anas
specularis, No: Bronsevingeand (sa)
now Spleculanas specularis
Crested
Duck, Anas
specularioides, No: Duskand (sa) now Lophonetta specularioides
|
Teal
Pintail
Wigeon
Shoveler
other
ducks , geographically according to continent
Teal
 
Teal
(english) is a medium bluegreen colour-.
The name comes from the Eurasian Teal, which has that colour
around its eyes.
Euroasian
and African Teal-ducks
|
Indian
Ocean clade (sometimes
subgenus Virago)
Eurasian
Teal, Common Teal, Anas crecca,
No: Krikkand eu-as
Marbled
Teal, Marmaronetta
angustirostris,
No: Marmorand
eu-as
Andaman
Teal,
Anas albogularis,
No: Hvitstrupekrikkand
as
formerly
included in Anas gibberifrons
Sunda
Teal,
Anas gibberifrons,
No: Gråkrikkand indo
sometimes
subgenus Virago
Cape
Teal,
Anas capensis,
No: Kappand af
Bernier's
Teal,
Anas bernieri,
No: Gasserkrikkand af
sometimes
subgenus Virago
Hottentot
Teal,
Anas hottentota,
No: Hottentottand af
Probable
genus Punanetta
Grey
Teal, Anas gracilis – formerly included
in Anas gibberifrons see
Oceanean/Pacific
Chestnut Teal, Anas castanea
see Oceanean/Pacific
|
American
Teal-ducks
Blue-winged
Teal, Anas
discors,
No: Blåvingeand
na
Green-winged
Teal, Anas carolinensis,
No: Amerikakrikkand
am
Cinnamon
Teal, Anas cyanoptera,
No: Kaneland
am
Speckled
Teal, Yellow-billed Teal,
Anas flavirostris,
No: Gulnebbkrikkand
sa
Puna
Teal, Anas puna,
No: Punaand
sa
Silver
Teal, Anas versicolor,
No: Sølvand
sa
Ringed
Teal, Callonetta leucophrys,
No: Prydand
sa
Brazilian
Teal, Amazonetta brasiliensis,
No: Brasiland
sa
Andean
Teal, Anas andinum |
Oceanean/Pacific
Teal-ducks
New
Zealand clade (Placement unresolved)
Grey
Teal,
Anas gracilis Nomadeand
oc
Chestnut
Teal,
Anas castanea Kastanjeand
oc
Auckland
IslandsTeal,
Anas aucklandica Bronseand
Auckland IslandsTeal
oc
Campbell
Islands Teal,
Anas nesiotis Campbelland
oc formerly
included in Anas aucklandica
Brown
Teal,
Anas chlorotis Kobberand
nz
Salvadori's
Teal,
Salvadorina waigiuensis Tigerand
oc
Blue
Duck,
Hymenolaimus
malacorhynchos,
Kaskadeand,
oc
Torrent
Duck,
Merganetta
armata, Strømand, sa
|
|
Subfamily: Tadorninae
- Shelduck - Sheldgoose
|
The Tadorninae is the shelduck-sheldgoose
subfamily of the Anatidae, the biological family that includes
the ducks and most
duck-like waterfowl such as the geese and swans.
This group is largely tropical or Southern Hemisphere in distribution,
with only two species, the Common Shelduck and the
Ruddy Shelduck breeding in northern temperate regions, though
the Crested Shelduck was also a northern species.
Most of these species have a distinctive plumage, but there
is no pattern as to whether the sexes are alike, even within
a single genus.
|
Subfamily Tadorninae
Unequivocally placed in this group:
Genus Tadorna: shelducks (Europe, Africa, Australasia;
7 species) - possibly paraphyletic
Genus Salvadorina: (New Guinea) - formerly in Anatidae
and "perching ducks"
Salvadori's Teal, Salvadorina waigiuensis
Genus Alopochen: shelducks (Africa) 1 living species,
Egyptian Goose, Alopochen aegyptiacus
Genus Neochen: (South America)
Orinoco Goose, Neochen jubata
Genus Chloephaga: sheldgeese
(South America; 5 species)
Genus Hymenolaimus: (New Zealand) - formerly in "perching
ducks"
Blue Duck, Hymenolaimus malacorhynchos
Genus Merganetta: (Andes mountains, South America) -
formerly in "perching ducks"
Torrent Duck, Marganetta armata
Provisionally placed in this group:
Genus Malacorhynchus: (Australia; 1 living species) -
may be closer to Oxyurinae
Pink-eared Duck, Malacorhynchus membranaceus
Genus Sarkidiornis: (South America, Africa, India) -
formerly in "perching ducks"; may belong into Anatinae
Knob-billed Duck, Sarkidiornis melanotos
Genus Cyanochen: Blue-winged Goose (Ethiopia) - may belong
into distinct subfamily
Blue-winged Goose, Cyanochen cyanoptera
Genus Tachyeres: steamer ducks (South America; 4 species)
- may belong into Anatinae
May belong into Tadorninae, currently placed elsewhere:
Genus Aix: (East Asia and North America)
Mandarin Duck, Aix galericulata (East Asia)
Wood Duck, Aix sponsa (North America)
Genus Cairina, (tropical America; genus Cairina
may be paraphyletic)
Muscovy Duck, Cairina moschata
Genus Cereopsis: (Australia)
Cape Barren Goose, Cereopsis novaehollandiae
Genus Callonetta: Ringed Teal (South America)
Ringed Teal, Callonetta leucophrys
Genus Chenonetta: (Australia)
Maned Duck, Chenonetta jubata |
Genus
Tadorna - shelducks
The
shelducks, genus Tadorna, are a group of large birds in the
Tadorninae subfamily of the Anatidae,
the biological family that includes the ducks and most duck-like
waterfowl such as the geese and swans.
The shelducks are a group of larger often semi-terrestrial waterfowl,
which can be seen as intermediate between
geese (Anserinae) and ducks. They are mid-sized (some 50–60
cm) Old World waterfowl.
The sexes are colored slightly different in most species, and
all have a characteristic upperwing coloration in flight:
the tertiary remiges form a green speculum, the secondaries
and primaries are black, and the coverts (forewing)
are white. Their diet consists of small shore animals (winkles,
crabs etc.) as well as grasses and other plants.
They were originally known as "sheldrakes", this remained
the most common name until the late 19th century.
The word is still sometimes used to refer to a male shelduck
and can also occasionally refer to the Canvasback (Aythya
valisineria) of North America. |
Tadorna
tadorna, Common Shelduck, Gravand
(Main
page this group)
Tadorna ferruginea, Ruddy Shelduck,
Rustand
Tadorna cana, South African Shelduck,
Cape Shelduck, Kapprustand
Tadorna tadornoides, Australian Shelduck,
Praktrustand
Tadorna variegata, Paradise Shelduck,
Maorirustand
Tadorna cristata, Crested
Shelduck, Koreagravand
- possibly extinct (late 20th century?)
Tadorna radjah, Radjah Shelduck,
Beltegravand |
unknown group
Genus: Tachyeres
- steamer ducks
The steamer ducks are a genus, Tachyeres,
of ducks in the family Anatidae. All of the four species
occur in South America,
and all except the Flying Steamer Duck are flightless; even this
one species capable of flight rarely takes to the air.
The genus name Tachyeres, "having fast oars" or
"fast rower", comes from Ancient Greek "fast"
+ "I row (as with oars)".
The common name "steamer ducks" derives because, when
swimming fast, they flap their wings into the water as well as using
their feet, creating an effect like a paddle steamer.
They are usually placed in the shelduck subfamily Tadorninae, but
DNA analyses indicate they rather belongs into a distinct clade
of aberrant South American dabbling ducks,
which also includes the Brazilian, the Crested, and the Bronze-winged
Ducks.
Genus Chloephaga - Sheldgoose
Sheldgoose,
alle innen en andestamme i gruppen Tadornini, (se
Gravand), famailien Anatidae (orden Anseriformes).
De mindre medlemmer av stammen kalles shelducks. Sheldgeese finnes
i tropiske og subtropiske regioner verden over.
De er små-nebbet og heller langbented, med opprist holdning,
none har benete sporer - som fungerer som våpen - ved vingene.
De er ikke virkelige gjess, selv om de ligner dem i noen anatomiske
deler.
Andean
Goose, Chloephaga melanoptera, No: Andesgås
Upland Goose or Magellan Goose, Chloephaga picta, No:
Sebragås
Kelp Goose, Chloephaga hybrida, No: Taregås
Ashy-headed Goose, Chloephaga poliocephala, No:
Gråhodegås
Ruddy-headed Goose, Chloephaga rubidiceps, No: Brunhodegås |
Cape
Barren Goose,
Cereopsis novaehollandiae, No: Hønsegås
Egyptian
Goose , Alopochen
aegyptiaca, No: Niland
Branta not in here (6 species)
Subfamily: Dendrocygninae -
whistling
ducks or tree ducks
The whistling ducks or tree ducks are a subfamily,
Dendrocygninae of the duck, goose and swan family of
birds, Anatidae.
In other taxonomical approaches, they are either considered
a separate family "Dendrocygnidae", or a tribe
"Dendrocygnini"
in the goose subfamily Anserinae.
It contains only one genus, Dendrocygna, containing eight
living species. These species have a worldwide distribution
through the
tropics and subtropics. These ducks have, as their name implies,
distinctive whistling calls.
The whistling ducks have long legs and necks, and are very gregarious,
flying to and from night-time roosts in large flocks.
Both sexes have the same plumage, and all have a hunched appearance
and black underwings in flight. |
Genus
Dendrocygna
|
